Statistics & Probability Calculators
Free statistics and probability calculators: probability and Bayes' theorem, permutations and combinations, the binomial, Poisson and normal distributions, standard error, confidence intervals, sample size, correlation, covariance, linear regression and R². Three engines back every page, so a confidence interval and the z-score it is built from can never disagree. Everything runs in your browser.
Most popular
- statistics-probabilityProbability● ready
Enter the number of favourable outcomes and the total to get P(A) as a decimal, a percentage and a simplified fraction, plus the complement and the odds.
- statistics-probabilityNormal Distribution● ready
Enter a mean, a standard deviation and a value x to get the PDF at x, P(X < x) and P(X > x), with the area under the curve shaded.
- statistics-probabilityConfidence Interval● ready
Enter a mean, a standard deviation, a sample size and a confidence level to get the interval, its margin of error and which critical value was used.
- statistics-probabilityCorrelation● ready
Paste two aligned lists of paired values to get the Pearson r, R², the sample size and a plain-language description of the strength.
- statistics-probabilityBinomial Distribution● ready
Enter n and p to get the whole distribution: every P(X = k) as a chart and a table, with the mean, variance, standard deviation and most likely value.
Basic Probability
- statistics-probabilityProbability● ready
Enter the number of favourable outcomes and the total to get P(A) as a decimal, a percentage and a simplified fraction, plus the complement and the odds.
- statistics-probabilityConditional Probability● ready
Enter the joint probability of A and B and the probability of the condition B to get P(A | B), with the multiplication check written out.
- statistics-probabilityBayes' Theorem● ready
Enter a prior P(A), a true-positive rate P(B | A) and a false-positive rate P(B | ¬A) to get the posterior P(A | B) and every step of the working.
- statistics-probabilityExpected Value● ready
Paste an outcome list and the matching probability list to get the expected value, the variance and σ, with each x·P(x) product listed.
Counting & Combinatorics
- statistics-probabilityPermutation● ready
Enter n and r to get nPr = n! ÷ (n − r)! as an exact integer, with the digit count and a scientific form for long results.
- statistics-probabilityCombination● ready
Enter n and r to get nCr = n! ÷ (r!(n − r)!) as an exact integer, with the digit count and the binomial-coefficient reading.
Probability Distributions
- statistics-probabilityBinomial Probability● ready
Enter n trials, a success probability p and a target k to get P(X = k), P(X ≤ k) and P(X ≥ k), plus the mean and variance.
- statistics-probabilityBinomial Distribution● ready
Enter n and p to get the whole distribution: every P(X = k) as a chart and a table, with the mean, variance, standard deviation and most likely value.
- statistics-probabilityPoisson Distribution● ready
Enter a mean rate λ and a count k to get P(X = k), P(X ≤ k) and P(X ≥ k), with the distribution charted and the mean-equals-variance check.
- statistics-probabilityNormal Distribution● ready
Enter a mean, a standard deviation and a value x to get the PDF at x, P(X < x) and P(X > x), with the area under the curve shaded.
- statistics-probabilityNormal Z-Score● ready
Enter an observed value, a mean and a standard deviation to get the z-score plus P(X < x), the percentile and the two-tailed p-value.
Inferential Statistics
- statistics-probabilityStandard Error● ready
Enter a standard deviation and a sample size to get SE = s ÷ √n, with the divisor shown so the square-root relationship is visible.
- statistics-probabilityConfidence Interval● ready
Enter a mean, a standard deviation, a sample size and a confidence level to get the interval, its margin of error and which critical value was used.
- statistics-probabilityMargin of Error● ready
Enter a standard deviation, a sample size and a confidence level to get the margin of error, the standard error and the critical value behind them.
- statistics-probabilitySample Size● ready
Enter a desired margin of error, a standard deviation and a confidence level to get the required sample size, rounded up, with the exact value shown.
Bivariate Data
- statistics-probabilityCorrelation● ready
Paste two aligned lists of paired values to get the Pearson r, R², the sample size and a plain-language description of the strength.
- statistics-probabilityCovariance● ready
Paste two aligned lists of paired values to get the covariance in both the sample (n − 1) and population (n) forms, with the raw cross-product shown.
- statistics-probabilityLinear Regression● ready
Paste two aligned lists of paired values to get the best-fit equation, its slope and intercept, the correlation and R², with a scatter plot and the fitted line.
- statistics-probabilityR-Squared● ready
Paste two aligned lists of paired values to get R² and the correlation r, with the percentage of variation the line explains spelled out.
All tools
- statistics-probabilityProbability● ready
Enter the number of favourable outcomes and the total to get P(A) as a decimal, a percentage and a simplified fraction, plus the complement and the odds.
- statistics-probabilityConditional Probability● ready
Enter the joint probability of A and B and the probability of the condition B to get P(A | B), with the multiplication check written out.
- statistics-probabilityBayes' Theorem● ready
Enter a prior P(A), a true-positive rate P(B | A) and a false-positive rate P(B | ¬A) to get the posterior P(A | B) and every step of the working.
- statistics-probabilityPermutation● ready
Enter n and r to get nPr = n! ÷ (n − r)! as an exact integer, with the digit count and a scientific form for long results.
- statistics-probabilityCombination● ready
Enter n and r to get nCr = n! ÷ (r!(n − r)!) as an exact integer, with the digit count and the binomial-coefficient reading.
- statistics-probabilityExpected Value● ready
Paste an outcome list and the matching probability list to get the expected value, the variance and σ, with each x·P(x) product listed.
- statistics-probabilityBinomial Probability● ready
Enter n trials, a success probability p and a target k to get P(X = k), P(X ≤ k) and P(X ≥ k), plus the mean and variance.
- statistics-probabilityBinomial Distribution● ready
Enter n and p to get the whole distribution: every P(X = k) as a chart and a table, with the mean, variance, standard deviation and most likely value.
- statistics-probabilityPoisson Distribution● ready
Enter a mean rate λ and a count k to get P(X = k), P(X ≤ k) and P(X ≥ k), with the distribution charted and the mean-equals-variance check.
- statistics-probabilityNormal Distribution● ready
Enter a mean, a standard deviation and a value x to get the PDF at x, P(X < x) and P(X > x), with the area under the curve shaded.
- statistics-probabilityNormal Z-Score● ready
Enter an observed value, a mean and a standard deviation to get the z-score plus P(X < x), the percentile and the two-tailed p-value.
- statistics-probabilityStandard Error● ready
Enter a standard deviation and a sample size to get SE = s ÷ √n, with the divisor shown so the square-root relationship is visible.
- statistics-probabilityConfidence Interval● ready
Enter a mean, a standard deviation, a sample size and a confidence level to get the interval, its margin of error and which critical value was used.
- statistics-probabilityMargin of Error● ready
Enter a standard deviation, a sample size and a confidence level to get the margin of error, the standard error and the critical value behind them.
- statistics-probabilitySample Size● ready
Enter a desired margin of error, a standard deviation and a confidence level to get the required sample size, rounded up, with the exact value shown.
- statistics-probabilityCorrelation● ready
Paste two aligned lists of paired values to get the Pearson r, R², the sample size and a plain-language description of the strength.
- statistics-probabilityCovariance● ready
Paste two aligned lists of paired values to get the covariance in both the sample (n − 1) and population (n) forms, with the raw cross-product shown.
- statistics-probabilityLinear Regression● ready
Paste two aligned lists of paired values to get the best-fit equation, its slope and intercept, the correlation and R², with a scatter plot and the fitted line.
- statistics-probabilityR-Squared● ready
Paste two aligned lists of paired values to get R² and the correlation r, with the percentage of variation the line explains spelled out.
About Statistics & Probability Calculators
Statistics questions arrive one at a time — the probability of exactly three successes, the z-score of an exam result, the sample size a survey needs, the R² of a regression — and each page here answers one of them and shows the working. The values that break a naive implementation are answered as cases rather than as NaN: a conditional probability whose condition never happens, a binomial with a probability of exactly 0 or 1, a regression on data with no variation in x, a factorial too large to hold as a float. One combinatorics, one distribution and one regression engine back the whole category, so the mean np on two binomial pages and the correlation on two bivariate pages are the same number. Nothing is uploaded, there is no sign-up, and the pages keep working offline once loaded.
Related categories
- Math & Statistics Tools
Scientific calculator, prime numbers, matrices, statistics, and more.
- Number Theory & Statistics Calculators
Mean, median, mode, spread, percentiles, primes, divisors and sequences — one calculator per question.
- Algebra Calculators
Solve equations, factor polynomials, work with inequalities, variation and logarithms — with the working shown.
Frequently asked questions
What is the difference between probability and odds?
Probability is favourable outcomes divided by all outcomes, so it runs from 0 to 1. Odds compare favourable with unfavourable outcomes and are written as a ratio like 1:5. A probability of 1/6 is odds of 1:5, not 1:6 — the Probability Calculator shows both so the two can be compared side by side.
Why does a very accurate test still produce mostly false positives?
Because the condition is rare. If 1% of people have a condition and a test is 99% accurate, the small number of true cases is swamped by the false positives from the large healthy group. Bayes' theorem makes that arithmetic explicit, and the calculator prints every substitution so the base rate is not hidden.
When should I use the t distribution instead of z?
When the sample is small and the population standard deviation is unknown. The calculators here use the t critical value while there are 30 or fewer degrees of freedom and switch to the normal z value after that, and each result says which one it used. For large samples the two are close enough that the difference does not change a reported interval materially.
What does R² actually tell me?
The share of the variation in y that the fitted line explains, from 0 to 1. It is the square of the correlation, so a correlation of 0.5 is an R² of 0.25 — the line accounts for a quarter of the variation. A high R² means the line fits the data, not that x causes y.
Do these tools upload my data?
No. Every calculation is plain TypeScript running in the page — there is no API call, no account and no telemetry on what you entered. That matters for data sets, which are often the sensitive kind. The pages keep working offline once loaded.